The Annual Flagship · 7th Edition
State of the Software-Defined Vehicle, 2025
The report 38 of the Fortune 500 mobility companies open before every architecture meeting. This year's edition reverse-engineers the software stacks of 67 OEMs, maps the supplier consolidation wave, and quantifies which carmakers will own the in-cabin AI layer by 2030.
Table of contents — 11 chapters, 47 figures
- Chapter 1 — What "software-defined" actually means in 2025
- Chapter 2 — The middleware wars: Autosar, HarmonyOS, Android Automotive
- Chapter 3 — OEM teardown: how 67 stacks really differ
- Chapter 4 — The zonal E/E architecture migration timeline
- Chapter 5 — Over-the-air update economics
- Chapter 6 — The in-cabin AI layer: who owns the driver
- Chapter 7 — Supplier consolidation: Aptiv, Bosch, Continental, Magna
- Chapter 8 — The Chinese OEM stack: BYD, NIO, XPeng, Li Auto
- Chapter 9 — Cybersecurity & UN R155 compliance
- Chapter 10 — The 2030 forecast (scenario-based, not financial advice)
- Chapter 11 — Methodology, sources, and analyst biographies